A Comprehensive Review of Metaheuristic Algorithms: Classification, Applications, and Future Directions

Abstract

Metaheuristic algorithms have become indispensable tools for solving complex optimization problems across various domains. These algorithms, inspired by natural and artificial processes, offer flexible and efficient solutions where traditional methods often fall short. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of metaheuristic algorithms, discussing their classifications, recent advancements, applications, and future research directions. A systematic review of recent literature is presented, alongside a discussion on the challenges and potential improvements in the field.